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Trattando argomenti quali l’ anonimato e la privacy, non si può fare a meno di parlare di uno dei movimenti più rappresentativi di queste due tematiche, ovvero Anonymous. Questo movimento nasce nel 2003, e per il suo nome prende ispirazione dal nickname usato nei siti di imageboard, siti nei quali un thread può essere iniziato solo con un immagine, quali per esempio 4chan, 711chan, dove chi commentava senza identificarsi appariva come “anonymous”, e da qui si incominciò a identificare anonymous come una persona reale.
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Anonymous non ha un leader, è un insieme di persone, o anche singoli, spesso provenienti dagli stessi siti di imageboard citati prima, che agiscono con un fine comune che può essere visto nella libertà di espressione, infatti le attività mosse da questo gruppo mirano alla pubblicazione di informazioni riservate, forme di protesta quali attacchi DDoS o proteste in strada, le quali all’ inizio fecero capire l’ importanza che stava acquisendo il movimento, infatti si scoprirono essere numerosi coloro che aderirono nelle varie città del mondo.
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La grandezza di cui gode Anonymous è data dal web, grazie al quale persone con un ideologia comune si sono potute incontrare, hanno potuto organizzarsi e dare vita a quello che ad oggi è uno dei fenomeni più conosciuti su internet.
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Uno dei simboli che identifica Anonymous è la maschera di < span style = "background-color:white;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.39999961853px;text-align:start;" > < / span > < a href = "http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Fawkes" style = "background:none rgb(255,255,255);color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.39999961853px;text-align:start;" title = "Guy Fawkes" > Guy Fawkes< / a > , famoso cospiratore inglese, che spesso viene usata nelle proteste per nascondere il volto dei protestanti, e celarne quindi l’ identità.
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< span style = "background-color:white;line-height:23.519998550415px;text-align:start;" > < span style = "font-family:Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;font-size:xx-small;" > Photo by < a href = "https://www.flickr.com/photos/equinoxefr/6857189595/" > Pierre (Rennes)< / a > /Flickr (CC BY 2.0)< / span > < / span >
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Le varie attività svolte da questo gruppo, grazie alle quali ha ottenuto sempre più visibilità, sono diverse, quale ad esempio quello del 2010 quando il sito di WikiLeaks pubblicò documenti diplomatici segreti del governo americano, e quest’ ultimo a causa di ciò fece forti pressioni per interrompere tali pubblicazioni, ovviamente ciò attirò l’ attenzione di anonymous che iniziò a sostenere il sito, iniziando a lanciare attacchi DDoS contro siti quali Amazon.com, PayPal, MasterCard, Visa e la banca svizzera i quali avevano dimostrato un comportamento anti-WikiLeaks, perché stopparono l’ afflusso di donazioni al sito.
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Un altro evento molto importante fu quando il sito Megaupload venne chiuso dall’ FBI, e in seguito a ciò anonymous rese impossibile l’ accesso a siti governativi americani, scatenando quella che fu chiamata W W W W (World Wide Web War), ovvero uno degli attacchi da parte del gruppo più grande e importante realizzato sul web.
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Infine uno degli eventi più recenti è stato quello contro lo Stato Islamico, infatti gli anonymous hanno bloccato e sospeso tutti gli account social di coloro che avessero a che fare con l’ organizzazione dell’ ISIS, a causa di azioni terroristiche condotte da quest’ ultima, e tuttora danno la caccia agli esponenti del movimento per arrestarlo.
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Fonti: < a href = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJmRqgBE_t8" > www.youtube.com< / a > < / p >
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