3.8 KiB
Connecting to the internet
Let's now talk about the possible dangers of connecting your hardware into the internet.
--
How do we connect?
- Wifi? Change the default password
- Disable the WPS/smart connect on your router
- Public wifi? Stay safe
- On your phone? Disable the wifi if you are not using it
- Prefer cables ALWAYS
notes: i dispositivi wifi broadcastano i MAC ai router se non impostati per non farlo (esempio metro di londra) https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/publications-and-reports/wifi-data-collection
--
Browsing the web
- use firefox, always
- use firefox containers
- check the address bar: does the web address make sense?
- avoid google, use alternative search engines
- check that you are not logged in automatically by Google, Microsoft and Apple
- remove advertisements from webpages
- Incognito mode: not what you would think it is
Question: what is the difference between the web and the internet?
--
Useful Firefox extensions
- uBlock Origin: remove ads
- LocalCDN: avoid unnecessary 3rd party requests
- Multi Account Containers: filter webpages and accounts into groups
- ClearURLs: removes useless tracking elements from URLs
--
Domain Name System
The DNS is the address book of the internet! When you want to connect to lezzo.org:
- Your computer asks a DNS resolver how to reach lezzo.org
- The DNS resolver replies with an IP address: 81.56.155.125
- The IP address is used to route your request to the server
- You can now communicate with the server
--
Change your DNS
By default, most computers are configured to use the DNS server provided by their Internet Service Provider (ISP), which means your ISP knows which website you visit
Change your DNS to an alternative server, depending on your threat model
--
Virtual Private Network
A VPN private tunnel for your internet connection.
- Normally, your internet traffic goes directly from your device to websites/services
- This means your ISP can see your online activities
With a VPN:
- Your device connects to a VPN server first before going to the internet
- This hides your real internet address and location to the ISP
--
Why
- You need to access geo-blocked services
- You want to keep something private from your ISP
- You want to protect some of your activities on public WiFi networks
Question: when should you avoid a VPN?
--
TOR
- TOR stands for The Onion Router
- It's a FOSS tool that enables anonymous communication
- It directs Internet traffic through a free, worldwide, volunteer overlay network
- It conceals a user's location and usage from anyone conducting network surveillance or traffic analysis
- The name derives from the method of layered encryption used (like the layers of an onion)
--
How TOR works
- TOR uses a system of virtual tunnels to route your traffic
- It randomly selects a path through the TOR network, called a circuit
- Each node in the circuit knows only the IP address of the node before and after it
- The data is encrypted and re-encrypted multiple times as it passes through the nodes
- The final node (exit node) decrypts the data and sends it to its destination
-
This makes it difficult for an observer to trace the origin of the data
When to use TOR
- When you want to contribute to the network
- When you need to hide your IP from multiple parties
- When you want to access the .onion network
- When you value anonimity as well as security