105 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
105 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
<!-- .slide: data-background="img/metadata.jpg" -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<small>
|
|
> If you give me ~~six lines written~~ **metadata** by the hand of the most honest of men,
|
|
> I will find something in them which will hang him.
|
|
|
|
> Probably Richelieu
|
|
|
|
</small>
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
## Metadata
|
|
|
|
Pieces of information that describe everything BUT the content. Examples:
|
|
|
|
- phone call: my location, the duration, who I called
|
|
- a PDF file: the author, the location, the authoring software
|
|
- an encrypted file: date of creation, modification and last access
|
|
|
|
<br><br>Content is easier to protect, metadata often **leaks**.
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
|
|
## I don't need to know the content if
|
|
|
|
- you called a sex line at 2:24 and you stayed on the phone for 12 minutes
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- you called a suicide prevention line
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- You watched a video on anxiety management for 27 minutes at 8:05 AM
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- Your phone was near the one of famous activists during a protest
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- You entered a cannabis dispensary and stayed 44 minutes
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
## Why are metadata important #1
|
|
|
|
In many legal systems, the content is usually protected much better
|
|
than the metadata. For example, in Italy, phone calls are only
|
|
recorded in case of ongoing investigations for certain level of
|
|
crimes, while phone operators are legally required to maintain the
|
|
metadata of phone calls for 24 months.
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
## Why are metadata important #2
|
|
Metadata are easy to mine:
|
|
|
|
- large scale research: metadata are textual and rigidly structured. There are many algorithms to navigate structured data by keywords, time, descriptions, etc...
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- indexing: there are methods to cluster metadata so that it's easy and fast to retrieve parts of the information on demand
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- statistical analysis: extract current and historical trends, unforeseen categories and forecasts from metadata
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
## Why statistical models matter for L.E.
|
|
Law Enforcement make wide use of statistical models.
|
|
- <a> Resource allocation <!-- .element: class="fragment" --> </a>
|
|
- <a>Performance evaluation of different units <!-- .element: class="fragment" --></a>
|
|
- <a>Assessing crime trends <!-- .element: class="fragment" --></a>
|
|
<br>
|
|
- <a style="color:red;">Criminal profiling</a>
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- <a style="color:red;">Build correlations and associations</a>
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
- <a style="color:red;">Predictive policing and crime forecasting</a>
|
|
<!-- .element: class="fragment" -->
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
|
|
## How do I protect myself?
|
|
|
|
The only real protection here is the **mindset**.
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br>
|
|
<small>
|
|
<br> start with commonsense
|
|
<br>
|
|
<br> end up with paranoia
|
|
|
|
|
|
</small>
|